Design and analysis of a truss deployable antenna mechanism based on a 3UU-3URU unit

Space deployable structures with large calibers, high accuracy, and large folding ratios are indispensable equipment in the aerospace field. Given that the single-DOF 3RR-3RRR deployable unit cannot be fully folded, this study proposes a 3UU-3URU deployable unit with two kinds of DOF: folding movement and orientation adjustment. First, based on the G-K formula, the DOF of the 3UU-3URU unit is analyzed. Then, the 3UU-3URU unit is used to construct a deployable truss antenna with a curved surface, and the DOF of the whole deployable antenna containing multiple 3UU-3URU units is calculated. The structural design of a deployable antenna with two loops is carried out with specific parameters and geometric relations. Next, a DOF simulation of a basic combination unit composed of three 3UU-3URU units is performed. Finally, a prototype of the basic combination unit is manufactured, and the DOF of the mechanism is experimentally verified.     

基于电阻法的工艺液位传感器测量系统及其校准装置的研制

介绍了一种基于电阻法的工艺液位传感器测量系统的设计与实现，该传感器测量系统包括利用液位传感器、点式液位传感器、耗尽关机液位传感器与剩余液位传感器及对应的变送器。设计了相应的半自动校准系统对传感器的精度进行标定，分析了测量结果的不确定度。经过测试，所有传感器各项指标均满足设计要求。该传感器的研制解决了现有容积计量及液压试验系统不能对贮箱各不同部位进行容积和高度监测的问题。     

火星车转移坡道柔顺性优化设计及动力学分析

对一种抽展式火星车转移坡道开展柔顺性优化设计和动力学分析。首先，分析火星车与存在异面角的坡道的挤压几何原理。然后，设计坡道的间隙机构和限位机构，并计算出机构关键设计参数的最优值，以自适应调整两侧坡道的距离，〖JP2〗减小火星车与坡道护栏之间的相互作用力。最后，对坡道下落过程和火星车在坡道上的行驶过程进行动力学仿真，验证坡道柔顺性优化设计的效果。结果表明：优化后的坡道柔顺性大幅提高，坡道可以自适应调整两侧的距离；使用优化后的坡道，可以有效降低火星车与坡道护栏的作用力，实现火星车在坡道上的安全行驶。     

基于核主成分分析的空域复杂度无监督评估

空域复杂度评估作为衡量空域运行态势、管制员工作压力的关键手段，是运行调控的基础。由于影响因素众多，不同因素间耦合关联复杂，且标定样本很难获取，空域复杂度的准确评估被公认为航空领域的一个挑战性问题。提出了一种空域复杂度的无监督评估方法。首先通过核主成分分析挖掘原始样本各维度的非线性耦合关系，准确提取能够最大化复杂度评估信息量的主成分，进一步设计了可按需定制的主成分聚类方法，实现了无监督条件下空域复杂度的准确评估，为空域划分、流量管理提供了有效的技术支撑。     

Bayesian network-based extraction of lunar impact craters from optical images and DEM data

Impact craters are among the most noticeable geomorphological features on the planetary surface and yield significant information about terrain evolution and the history of the solar system. Thus, the recognition of impact craters is an important branch of modern planetary studies. Aiming at addressing problems associated with the insufficient and inaccurate detection of lunar impact craters, a decision fusion method within the Bayesian network (BN) framework is developed in this paper to handle multi-source information from both optical images and associated digital elevation model (DEM) data. First, we implement the edge-based method for efficiently searching crater candidates which are the image patches that can potentially contain impact craters. Secondly, the multi-source representations of an impact crater derived from both optical images and DEM data are proposed and constructed to quantitatively describe the two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) morphology, consisting of Histogram of Oriented Gradient (HOG), Histogram of Multi-scale Slope (HMS) and Histogram of Multi-scale Aspect (HMA). Finally, a BN-based framework integrates the multi-source representations of impact craters, which can provide reductant and complementary information, for distinguishing craters from non-craters. To evaluate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method, experiments were conducted on three lunar scenes using both orthoimages from the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) and DEM data acquired by the Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter (LOLA). Experimental results demonstrate that integrating optical images with DEM data significantly decreases the number of false positives compared with using optical images alone, with F₁-score of 84.8% on average. Moreover, compared with other existing fusion methods, our proposed method was quite advantageous especially for the detection of small-scale craters with diameters less than 1000 m.     

模型预测控制在永磁同步电机系统中的应用发展综述

随着数字技术的发展,模型预测控制(MPC)已经广泛应用于交流传动系统。首先介绍了经典MPC策略——有限控制集MPC和连续控制集MPC的原理。其次综述了多步预测控制、多矢量预测控制、具有参数鲁棒性的预测控制、广义模型预测、显式模型预测这些常见的改进MPC的研究现状,并提出相关研究思路。最后,根据MPC的应用需求和研究现状,展望了未来需要进一步深入和拓展的研究方向。     

高速开关阀控电液位置伺服系统自适应鲁棒控制

为研究高精度的液压缸位置跟踪控制问题，设计了高速开关阀和换向阀组合控制液压缸的结构方案，并通过实验分析了高速开关阀的静态流量特性。建立了液压缸的连续可微摩擦模型，利用粒子群优化算法对其参数进行辨识。建立了系统的非线性数学模型，基于非连续参数映射和反步法设计了直接自适应鲁棒控制器，通过参数在线自适应调节来更新估计值和鲁棒反馈项支配参数不确定性，实验结果表明:在跟踪幅值为5mm，频率为0.4Hz的正弦信号时，最后一个周期的最大跟踪误差、平均跟踪误差及其标准差分别为0.638、0.25mm和0.405mm，与传统PID控制器相比，控制精度显著提升，旨在为实现高精度的数字阀控位置伺服技术提供有价值的参考。      

A new modeling scheme for powered parafoil unmanned aerial vehicle platforms: Theory and experiments

A novel framework is established for accurate modeling of Powered Parafoil Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (PPUAV). The model is developed in the following three steps: obtaining a linear dynamic model, simplifying the model structure, and estimating the model mismatch due to model variance and external disturbance factors. First, a six degree-of-freedom linear model, or the structured model, is obtained through dynamic establishment and linearization. Second, the data correlation analysis is adopted to determine the criterion for proper model complexity and to simplify the structured model. Next, an active model is established, combining the simplified model with the model mismatch estimator. An adapted Kalman filter is utilized for the real-time estimation of states and model mismatch. We finally derive a linear system model while taking into account of model variance and external disturbance. Actual flight tests verify the effectiveness of our active model in different flight scenarios.     

液氢贮箱停放过程中的力热分析

为了寻找到运载火箭长时间停放过程中液氢贮箱的最经济液位，用于制定合理的发射流程以及紧急处置方法，采用计算流体力学(CFD)技术，对某型运载火箭停放期间液氢贮箱的力、热情况进行了仿真计算和分析。计算选用了VOF(Volume-of-fluid)两相流模型以及Lee相变模型，为了提高Lee模型在不同压力情况下对相变过程的模拟精度，采用安托因方程修正了该模型。修正后的模型首先由试验数据校验了其精确性，随后开展的液氢贮箱停放过程仿真结果表明：贮箱的竖直方向与径向均存在温度分层的现象，液相内会形成大的漩涡，该漩涡会使得冷热流体不断进行热交换，并导致贮箱内部的液氢出现气化。贮箱停放期间蒸发率最大值超过2 m 3/h，发生在停放4 h左右；而贮箱液位充填至37 m 3以上或17 m 3以下时蒸发率较低，最小值接近1 m 3/h。     

Evaluation and improvement of coastal GNSS reflectometry sea level variations from existing GNSS stations in Taiwan

Global sea level rise due to an increasingly warmer climate has begun to induce hazards, adversely affecting the lives and properties of people residing in low-lying coastal regions and islands. Therefore, it is important to monitor and understand variations in coastal sea level covering offshore regions. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) data of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) have been successfully used to robustly derive sea level heights (SLHs). In Taiwan, there are a number of continuously operating GNSS stations, not originally installed for sea level monitoring. They were established in harbors or near coastal regions for monitoring land motion. This study utilizes existing SNR data from three GNSS stations (Kaohsiung, Suao, and TaiCOAST) in Taiwan to compute SLHs with two methods, namely, Lomb–Scargle Periodogram (LSP)-only, and LSP aided with tidal harmonic analysis developed in this study. The results of both methods are compared with co-located or nearby tide gauge records. Due to the poor quality of SNR data, the worst accuracy of SLHs derived from traditional LSP-only method exceeds 1?m at the TaiCOAST station. With our procedure, the standard deviations (STDs) of difference between GNSS-derived SLHs and tide gauge records in Kaohsiung and Suao stations decreased to 10?cm and the results show excellent agreement with tide gauge derived relative sea level records, with STD of differences of 7?cm and correlation coefficient of 0.96. In addition, the absolute GNSS-R sea level trend in Kaohsiung during 2006–2011 agrees well with that derived from satellite altimetry. We conclude that the coastal GNSS stations in Taiwan have the potential of monitoring absolute coastal sea level change accurately when our proposed methodology is used.